What Factors Can Cause Nylon Degradation?

Nylon degradation is mainly affected by two factors: one is the aging effect of photothermal oxygen; the other is hydrolysis. Undoubtedly, it is not easy to explain the influence of the above two factors, whether it is confirmation or falsification. But there is an iron law in the polymer field that can provide a little idea: structure determines performance.

First, the aging effect of photothermal oxygen

Natural light promotes the aging degradation of materials. In particular, the ultraviolet portion, having a wavelength of 200-400 nm, is particularly effective for aging of polymer materials because the energy of ultraviolet light in this range is higher than that required for general chemical bond cleavage. However, in general, polymers are less prone to photochemical effects. First, these materials absorb less ultraviolet light and are less efficient. Then, in the process of absorption, photophysical reactions are accompanied, and some of the ultraviolet light is converted into heat energy and longer wavelength light is consumed. However, if there are more metal ions in the polymer material or more catalyst residues, the degradation of the material is very obvious. Under the action of ultraviolet light, the activity of these metal ions is greatly increased, which leads to a large amount of radical chain reaction and degrades the material properties.

Second, hydrolysis

In the application of the material, there is another form of destruction which is very different from the above photothermal oxygen, that is, hydrolysis. The so-called hydrolysis includes, in addition to water, an acid, a base, and a salt solution. Obviously, this cracking reaction is limited by the solution, and the temperature is usually not very high, but the destruction of the acid-base salt is not weak at all.

If it absorbs water under mild conditions, then the water does not significantly crack the properties of the material, but the impact on the overall performance is not to be underestimated. Polyamide is a semi-crystalline polymer. Water easily enters the amorphous region, increases the fluidity of the molecular chain, and partially acts as a lubricant. As the water absorption rate increases, the Tg decreases, and the hardness, modulus, and tensile strength decrease; the impact strength increases.

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